Question 1

________ depend on energy stored in chemical bonds by autotrophs for their food energy.

Accepted Answer

A)  autotrophs
B)  heterotrophs
C)  oligotrophs
D)  chemotrophsE) All of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 2

The electron transport chain,a series of membrane-associated electron carriers,loses most of the energy by driving several transmembrane

Accepted Answer

A)  proton pumps.
B)  electron pumps.
C)  Na+/K+ pumps.
D)  active transport pumps.
E)  water pumps.F) C) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 3

When substrate-level phosphorylation occurs,it means that

Accepted Answer

A)  NAD is converted into NADH.
B)  ATP is converted into ADP + a phosphate group.
C)  ADP is converted into ATP by addition of a phosphate group.
D)  cAMP is converted into ADP by adding a phosphate group.
E)  NADH is converted into NAD + H.F) B) and C)
G) A) and E)

Question 4

Because the chemical formation of ATP is driven by a diffusion force similar to osmosis,this process is referred to as ___________.

Accepted Answer

A)  active transport
B)  chemiosmosis
C)  decarboxylation
D)  diffusionE) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 5

Cytochromes contain a heme group similar to that in hemoglobin.The iron atom (Fe) in the center of the group can be oxidized and reduced.If someone was suffering from iron deficiency anemia,which stage of cellular respiration would be most affected?

Accepted Answer

A)  glycolysis
B)  Krebs cycle
C)  electron transport chain
D)  fermentationE) C) and D)
F) B) and D) C

Question 6

The Krebs cycle occurs in the mitochondria.There are nine biochemical reactions involved in the Krebs cycle,and they are highly ordered.Select the correct order from the following choices.(Note: These are abbreviated and do not show NAD,ADP,ATP,or FAD. )

Accepted Answer

A)  acetyl-CoA joins the Kreb cycle and unites with oxaloacetate  →\rarr→  forming citrate  →\rarr→  which forms beta-ketoglutarate  →\rarr→ which forms succinyl-CoA  →\rarr→  which forms succinate  →\rarr→  which forms fumarate  →\rarr→  which forms malate  →\rarr→  which forms oxaloacetate
B)  acetyl-CoA joins the Kreb cycle and unites with oxaloacetate  →\rarr→  forming citrate  →\rarr→  which forms alpha-ketoglutarate  →\rarr→  which forms succinyl-CoA →\rarr→  which forms succinate  →\rarr→  which forms malate  →\rarr→  which forms fumarate  →\rarr→  which forms oxaloacetate
C)  acetyl-CoA joins the Kreb cycle and unites with oxaloacetate  →\rarr→  which forms alpha-ketoglutarate  →\rarr→  forming citrate  →\rarr→  which forms succinyl-CoA  →\rarr→  which forms succinate  →\rarr→  which forms fumarate  →\rarr→ which forms malate  →\rarr→ which forms oxaloacetate
D)  acetyl-CoA joins the Kreb cycle and unites with oxaloacetate  →\rarr→  forming citrate  →\rarr→  which forms alpha-ketoglutarate  →\rarr→  which forms succinyl-CoA  →\rarr→  which forms succinate  →\rarr→ which forms fumarate  →\rarr→  which forms malate  →\rarr→  which forms oxaloacetate E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 7

Which of the following statements accurately reflects the process of glycolysis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Glycolysis is most likely one of the earliest of all biochemical reactions to evolve.Glycolysis uses molecular oxygen,however it occurs in anaerobic environments.
B)  Glycolysis is most likely one of the earliest of all biochemical reactions to evolve.Glycolysis uses no molecular oxygen.All reactions of glycolysis occur free in the cytoplasm.
C)  Glycolysis is most likely one of the earliest of all biochemical reactions to evolve.Glycolysis uses molecular oxygen,however it occurs in aerobic environments.
D)  Glycolysis is most likely one of the earliest of all biochemical reactions to evolve.Glycolysis uses molecular oxygen and occurs in the mitochondria.E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 8

What type of cell respiration occurs when an organic molecule accepts hydrogen atoms?

Accepted Answer

A)  aerobic respiration
B)  anaerobic respiration
C)  fermentation
D)  catabolism
E)  digestionF) All of the above
G) None of the above

Question 9

The coenzyme electron carriers produced in the Krebs cycle are

Accepted Answer

A)  ATP and ADP.
B)  pyruvate and acetyl-CoA.
C)  FADH2 and NADH.
D)  NAD and NADH.
E)  NADH and ATP.F) C) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 10

After eating lunch on a very cold winter day,you begin the long walk across campus to your next class.During your walk you begin thinking about glucose catabolism and the high carbohydrate meal you just consumed.As the cold wind picks up,you find yourself hoping that a lot of the energy released gets converted to heat.Which of the following statements concerning catabolism of glucose are false?

Accepted Answer

A)  From a chemical standpoint,glucose burning and glucose catabolism are very similar.
B)  More energy is released as heat when glucose is burned rather than catabolized.
C)  Cellular energy released can be as high as -720 kcal/mol glucose.
D)  More total energy is released when glucose is burned rather than catabolizeD.E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 11

Oxidized form of the most common electron carrier;needed in both glycolysis and Krebs cycle.

Accepted Answer

A)  ATP
B)  FAD
C)  G3P
D)  NAD+
E)  acetyl-CoAF) A) and D)
G) C) and D)

Question 12

Regardless of the electron or hydrogen acceptor used,one of the products of fermentation is always

Accepted Answer

A)  ADP.
B)  ATP.
C)  NAD+.
D)  pyruvate.
E)  alcohol.F) A) and C)
G) A) and B) C

Question 13

Many of the antiviral drugs currently used to treat HIV/AIDS also interfere with an enzyme that helps mitochondria multiply.Treatment can therefore result in a decrease in the number of mitochondria found in certain tissues.Given this information,which of the following might you expect to see in patients treated with antiviral drugs?

Accepted Answer

A)  an increase in oxidative phosphorylation
B)  an increase in phosphofructokinase activity
C)  an increase in NADH dehydrogenase activity
D)  an increase in lactic acid levelsE) All of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 14

At least 90% of organisms on the earth are heterotrophs.Examples include all of the following except

Accepted Answer

A)  plants.
B)  fungi.
C)  most eubacteria.
D)  animals.
E)  most protests.F) B) and C)
G) C) and D)

Question 15

The first stage of cellular respiration,and the oldest in terms of evolution is

Accepted Answer

A)  decarboxylation.
B)  deamination.
C)  fermentation.
D)  chemiosmosis.
E)  glycolysis.F) B) and C)
G) B) and D)

Question 16

You arrive at your second home in the mountains looking forward to a relaxing vacation.Unfortunately,when you turn on the water you smell hydrogen sulfide (H2S) gas.After some research,you find out that the H2S may be due to the presence of sulfur bacteria living in your pipes.Which of the following molecules would these bacteria use as an electron acceptor?

Accepted Answer

A)  O2
B)  H20
C)  SO4
D)  H2SE) None of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 17

Glucose is broken down to carbon dioxide and water in organisms which breathe air in a process called ________ respiration.

Accepted Answer

A)  anaerobic
B)  continuous
C)  glucose
D)  aerobicE) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 18

The end-product of glycolysis is

Accepted Answer

A)  ATP.
B)  NAD+.
C)  alcohol.
D)  ADP.
E)  pyruvatE.F) All of the above
G) A) and D)

Question 19

The return of the protons into the mitochondrial matrix through mitochondrial membrane channels occurs by the process of _________.

Accepted Answer

A)  diffusion
B)  osmosis
C)  active transport
D)  reversal of potentialE) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 20

As a forensic pathologist,you have just completed an autopsy of a poisoning victim.After a thorough examination,you conclude that the victim died of cyanide poisoning.You know that cyanide binds to the cytochrome oxidase complex,and therefore list the official cause of death as suffocation due to cyanide exposure.However,a more technical explanation would be that all of the following aspects of cellular respiration were inhibited except

Accepted Answer

A)  the reduction of NAD+ and FAD.
B)  electron transport.
C)  oxidative phosphorylation.
D)  proton pumping.E) A) and B)
F) A) and D) A

Exam 7: How Cells Harvest Energy

________ depend on energy stored in chemical bonds by autotrophs for their food energy.

Correct Answer
verified

The electron transport chain,a series of membrane-associated electron carriers,loses most of the energy by driving several transmembrane

Correct Answer
verified

When substrate-level phosphorylation occurs,it means that

Correct Answer
verified

Because the chemical formation of ATP is driven by a diffusion force similar to osmosis,this process is referred to as ___________.

Correct Answer
verified

Cytochromes contain a heme group similar to that in hemoglobin.The iron atom (Fe) in the center of the group can be oxidized and reduced.If someone was suffering from iron deficiency anemia,which stage of cellular respiration would be most affected?

Correct Answer
verified
C

The Krebs cycle occurs in the mitochondria.There are nine biochemical reactions involved in the Krebs cycle,and they are highly ordered.Select the correct order from the following choices.(Note: These are abbreviated and do not show NAD,ADP,ATP,or FAD. )

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following statements accurately reflects the process of glycolysis?

Correct Answer
verified

What type of cell respiration occurs when an organic molecule accepts hydrogen atoms?

Correct Answer
verified

The coenzyme electron carriers produced in the Krebs cycle are

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Oxidized form of the most common electron carrier;needed in both glycolysis and Krebs cycle.

Correct Answer
verified

Regardless of the electron or hydrogen acceptor used,one of the products of fermentation is always

Correct Answer
verified
C

Correct Answer
verified

At least 90% of organisms on the earth are heterotrophs.Examples include all of the following except

Correct Answer
verified

The first stage of cellular respiration,and the oldest in terms of evolution is

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Glucose is broken down to carbon dioxide and water in organisms which breathe air in a process called ________ respiration.

Correct Answer
verified

The end-product of glycolysis is

Correct Answer
verified

The return of the protons into the mitochondrial matrix through mitochondrial membrane channels occurs by the process of _________.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
A

Exam 7: How Cells Harvest Energy

________ depend on energy stored in chemical bonds by autotrophs for their food energy.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The electron transport chain,a series of membrane-associated electron carriers,loses most of the energy by driving several transmembrane

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When substrate-level phosphorylation occurs,it means that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Because the chemical formation of ATP is driven by a diffusion force similar to osmosis,this process is referred to as ___________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Cytochromes contain a heme group similar to that in hemoglobin.The iron atom (Fe) in the center of the group can be oxidized and reduced.If someone was suffering from iron deficiency anemia,which stage of cellular respiration would be most affected?

Correct AnswerverifiedC

The Krebs cycle occurs in the mitochondria.There are nine biochemical reactions involved in the Krebs cycle,and they are highly ordered.Select the correct order from the following choices.(Note: These are abbreviated and do not show NAD,ADP,ATP,or FAD. )

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements accurately reflects the process of glycolysis?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What type of cell respiration occurs when an organic molecule accepts hydrogen atoms?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The coenzyme electron carriers produced in the Krebs cycle are

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Oxidized form of the most common electron carrier;needed in both glycolysis and Krebs cycle.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Regardless of the electron or hydrogen acceptor used,one of the products of fermentation is always

Correct AnswerverifiedC

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

At least 90% of organisms on the earth are heterotrophs.Examples include all of the following except

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The first stage of cellular respiration,and the oldest in terms of evolution is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Glucose is broken down to carbon dioxide and water in organisms which breathe air in a process called ________ respiration.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The end-product of glycolysis is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The return of the protons into the mitochondrial matrix through mitochondrial membrane channels occurs by the process of _________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedA

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C

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C

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A